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eBook details

• Title: Pupal Parasitoids of Yponomeuta Malinellus (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae) in Northeast Asia (Report)
• Author : Florida Entomologist
• Release Date : January 01, 2010
• Genre: Life Sciences,Books,Science & Nature,
• Pages : * pages
• Size : 211 KB

Description

The apple ermine moth, Yponomeuta malinellus Zeller (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), is a univoltine defoliator of Malus species in Europe and Asia. In Asia, Malus pumila Miller (Forest Research Institute 1969; Moriuti 1977; Shin et al. 1983), M. sieboldii (Regel) (Moriuti 1977), M. toringo Nakai (Issiki et al. 1975), M. baccata Borkhaurs, and M. micromalus Mak. (Forest Research Institute 1969) are known hosts of apple ermine moth. Apple ermine moths lay egg masses on 1-3 year-old branches from mid to late summer. Larvae hatch from eggs in about 3 weeks, but remain underneath the egg mass covering (hibernaculum) throughout winter. At bud-break in early spring, first-instars leave the hibernaculum and each mine a single leaf. Larval stages form colony-like aggregations usually composed of siblings from the same egg mass. Larvae in the second through fifth-instars consume foliage, and groups of larvae form a tent over several leaf clusters. Mature larvae aggregate and spin their cocoons together in tightly clustered groups, often under undamaged leaves. Larvae pupate in early summer and adult emerge 1-2 weeks later (Junnikkala I960; Lee & Pemberton 2007).

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